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American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics
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American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics RSS feed: Current Issue.
For more than 93 years, the American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics remains
the leading orthodontic resource. It is the official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies,
the American Board of Orthodontics and the College of Diplomates of the American Board of Orthodontics. Each month its readers have access
to original peer-reviewed articles that examine all phases of orthodontic treatment. Illustrated throughout, the publication includes
tables, photos (many in full color), and statistical data. Coverage includes successful diagnostic procedures, imaging techniques, bracket
and archwire materials, extraction and impaction concerns, orthognathic surgery, TMJ disorders, removable appliances, and adult therapy.
According to the 2010 Journal Citation Reports®, published by Thomson Reuters, AJO-DO is the highest ranked orthodontic
title, by number of citation and impact factor. AJO-DO ranks 6th out of 74 titles for total citations in the Dentistry, Oral
Surgery and Medicine category, and has a five year impact factor of 1.924.
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Sample calculations for comparing proportions
In the previous article, we introduced the concepts of power and type I and type II errors and gave an example of the required steps for sample-size calculations for comparing 2 means. In this article, we will perform a sample calculation for comparison of 2 proportions. Let us briefly remind ourselves of the information we need before we proceed with the example:
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Influence of thermoplastic retainers on Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus adhesion
Introduction: This study was designed to test the hypothesis that thermoplastic retainers influence oral microbial flora during the retention period because they prevent the flushing effect of saliva on dental and mucous tissues.Methods: Twenty-four orthodontic patients finished the study. After debonding, the patients were given thermoplastic retainers (Essix ACE 0.040-in plastic, Dentsply International, York, Pa) for both jaws and instructed to wear them all day. Plaque samples from tooth surfaces and saliva samples were collected from each patient just after debonding (T0), and on day 15 (T1), day 30 (T2), and day 60 (T3) of retention. The jaws were divided into 6 regions, and the data for each region were evaluated separately. Total viable Lactobacillus and Streptococcus mutans colonies were counted, and the numbers of the viable microorganisms were calculated.Results: The numbers of Lactobacillus colonies at T3 were higher than at T0, T1, and T2, and the difference between T0 and T3 was statistically significant (P <0.05). The numbers of S mutans colonies at T3 were higher than at T0, T1, and T2, and the differences between T0 and T1, and T1and T2 were statistically significant (P <0.05).Conclusions: Retention with thermoplastic retainers might create oral conditions conducive to S mutans and Lactobacillus colonization on dental surfaces.
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MI Paste Plus research
I have concerns about an article in the November 2011 issue of the AJO-DO examining the use of MI Paste Plus to prevent demineralization. It is an extremely important topic; we’ve been discussing this issue in the orthodontic literature since, well, apparently Angle’s day, since his 1907 text was included as a reference in the article. And we seem to be getting nowhere, as evidenced by the fact that there is no less, and probably more, demineralization in our patients than in the past.
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What was wrong with the old practice model?
I can remember when some instructors in my orthodontic residency spoke fondly about their private practices in the “old days.” They recalled having only 1 or 2 treatment chairs, a receptionist who doubled as an assistant, an office that was less than 1000 square feet, and a total number of active patients that was somewhere around 100. As residents, we thought this was absurd. Why would anyone practice like this?
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Author’s response
Thank you very much for your letter. The placebo paste used in this trial did not contain fluoride. However, it would be difficult to extrapolate from the data that the positive results seen in the MI Paste Plus group were a direct result from either the casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate, the fluoride content in the paste, or both.
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Multiple congenitally missing teeth treated with autotransplantation and orthodontics
Treatment of children with several congenitally missing teeth is challenging, because growth and development of the oral structures must be considered. The treatment options include retaining the deciduous teeth and postponing treatment until later or extracting the deciduous teeth and doing one of the following: allowing the space to close spontaneously, closing the space orthodontically, or in patients whose growth is finished, using a prosthetic or implant replacement. One other viable option, if donor teeth are available, is autotransplantation. The treatment plan for patients with missing teeth should be based on a comprehensive evaluation of the patient’s age, occlusion, and space requirements as well as on the size and shape of the adjacent teeth. This case report presents the management of a patient in the early mixed dentition with multiple missing teeth. The treatment consisted of a combination of autotransplantation of the maxillary right first premolar to the mandibular right first premolar region and orthodontic treatment with a 5-year follow-up after autotransplantation.
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Orthodontic dental casts: The case against routine articulator mounting
With interest, I read the Point/Counterpoint discussion on articulator mounting of dental casts in the January 2012 issue of the AJO-DO. Some statements by Drs Rinchuse and Kandasamy raise many questions.
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Table of Contents
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Authors' response
We thank Dr Aichinger for her interest in our article. It appears that she is clutching at any possible excuse to support and justify a long-held orthodontic gnathologic view that does not fit well with the current best evidence—ie, evidence-based orthodontics. Dr Aichinger used the classic sympathy line of what would practitioners do when it comes to treating their own children and then goes on to say, “Why so much emotion about adding 1 additional tool [articulator mountings] in diagnosing orthodontic patients?” This has nothing to do with emotion and everything to do with evidence. If there is no outcome benefit after the routine use and incorporation of articulators in orthodontics, then what is the point of the exercise? Why should patients be put through additional procedures when there is no benefit in the long term? The bottom line here is that external measuring devices such as condylar position indicators, centric relation bite registrations, and articulators cannot accurately measure internal joint orthopedic positions or disorders. Furthermore, if there is no convincing evidence to support a particular centric relation position, what is the point of spending unproductive effort and time to place the condyles in a specific centric relation position that ultimately is not where clinicians actually think they are placing them?
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In-vitro assessment of oxidative stress generated by orthodontic archwires
Introduction: Several metals undergo redox cycling, producing free radicals and generating oxidative stress. The purpose of this study was to investigate in-vitro oxidative stress of orthodontic archwires made of various alloys.Methods: Mouse fibroblast cells L929 were exposed to 6 types of archwires, and the concentration of the oxidative stress marker 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine in DNA was evaluated. Trypan blue dye was used in the determination of cell viability and numbers.Results: Standard nickel-titanium archwires generated the highest oxidative stress, significantly higher than all other wires and the controls (P <0.05), and coated nickel-titanium, copper-nickel-titanium, and cobalt-chromium were lower than nickel-titanium (P <0.05), but higher than titanium-molybdenum and the negative and absolute controls (P <0.05). Titanium-molybdenum and stainless steel generated the lowest stress. Nickel-titanium induced the lowest viability, lower than the negative and absolute controls and all other wires (P <0.05) except titanium-molybdenum. Stainless steel showed the highest viability. Nickel-titanium produced the highest inhibition of cell growth, higher than all samples (P <0.05) except the positive control and cobalt-chromium. The lowest inhibition was observed in stainless steel and titanium-molybdenum, lower than nickel-titanium, cobalt-chromium, and the positive control (P <0.05).Conclusions: All orthodontic archwires generate oxidative stress in vitro. Stainless steel archwires have the highest and nickel-titanium the lowest biocompatibility.
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IMS has been an integral part of my practice for nearly 12 years. I especially appreciate their prompt responsiveness, progressive mind set and receptive attitude to our suggestions. The integration of Dolphin imaging and Orthosesame has made our patient records and communication seamless. IMS was one of the first to offer us the ability to go paperless. I wholeheartedly recommend them to anyone pursuing a cutting edge, full service practice management program. 